Comment se débarrasser des rats le plus naturellement possible?
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Vous hébergez des rats ou des souris dans votre maison, sans que vous les ayez invités. Comment faire fuir ces intrus poilus, lorsqu’on essaie d’avoir un comportement le plus respectueux de la nature et le moins polluant possible?
Si on aime tous les animaux à Bio Consom’acteurs, reconnaissons que certains d’entre eux peuvent devenir gênants chez soi, même s’ils sont mignons et qu'on en adore certains. Les rats et les souris peuvent faire de sérieux dégâts dans une maison, et accessoirement porter des maladies. Comment rompre la cohabitation ?
Le plus important : n’utilisez pas de mort aux rats, ou rodenticides. D'abord, ces poisons tuent les rats de manière vicieuse et douloureuse. Les plus répandus sont à base d’anticoagulants dérivés de la coumarine, lesquels provoquent une hémorragie interne qui dure plusieurs jours à plusieurs semaines. Précisons que les alternatives aux anticoagulants (à base de thiourée, strychnine, scilliroside etc.) ne sont pas non plus des douceurs puisqu’elles provoquent paralysie respiratoire ou arrêt cardiaque. Ensuite, la mort aux rats n’est pas toxique que pour les rats et souris. Elle l’est aussi pour les enfants aux mains baladeuses, pour vos animaux de compagnie et pour les animaux sauvages, en particulier les prédateurs.
Renards, chats, hermines, buses, milans, chouettes… tous ces êtres fascinants sont susceptibles de mourir en ingérant, par l’intermédiaire des rongeurs et grâce à la magie de la chaîne trophique, le poison que vous aurez répandu. Ce qui est fort idiot, puisqu'ils peuvent justement nous aider à réguler nos problèmes de rongeurs…D'ailleurs, la bromadiolone, un puissant anticoagulant utilisé en agriculture dans la lutte contre la pullulation du campagnol, fait l’objet depuis très récemment d’une réglementation stricte : son usage ravageait notamment les populations de milan royal, une espèce protégée. Quant aux autres anticoagulants sur le marché (Coumafène, Chrlorophacinone, Flocoumafen, Brodifacoum…), ils sont eux aussi très toxiques pour les écosystèmes. A éviter, donc.
Il va sans dire qu’il n’existe pas de mort aux rats bio. En lieu et place de poison, ce que vous pouvez faire dépend donc de l'affection que vous portez à ces rongeurs futés. Si vous ne voulez pas les tuer, vous pouvez utiliser un piège à rat non létal de ce genre. Vous prendrez bien sûr le soin, ensuite, de vous éloigner suffisamment de votre logement avant de relâcher le petit animal, en forêt. Certains disent également que l’huile essentielle de menthe poivrée ou de citronnelle ferait fuir les rongeurs. A tester si vous êtes patient(e). Si c'est question de vie ou de mort, la tapette à souris sera efficace et rapide. Au pire du pire, si vous hébergez non pas un rat mais toute une famille, et/ou si vous préférez déléguer, faites appel à une entreprise de dératisation utilisant la lutte intégrée contre les nuisibles, elle vous aidera à traiter les causes de votre mal, ce qui sera toujours mieux que de faire appel à un aficionado des produits chimiques ou des pièges à la glu, très cruels pour l'animal.
Car le contrôle desdits nuisibles est toujours bien plus efficace lorsqu’on s’y prend avant qu'ils deviennent un problème. Le mieux, pour éviter que rats et souris ne s’invitent chez vous, c’est de ne leur offrir ni le gîte ni le couvert. Comblez les trous et les espaces qui se trouvent sous votre toit, autour des tuyaux et des câbles, sous les portes d’accès. Coupez les branches d’arbre qui se trouvent proches du toit, mettez les ordures dans des contenants hermétiques, entreposez la nourriture dans des bocaux et rangez-les dans des placards, ne laissez pas la nourriture des chiens, chats et oiseaux accessibles, etc.
Pour finir, le plus efficace et le plus naturel : les prédateurs. Souris et rats ne font pas les malins là où vit un félin. La ville de Clamecy, dans la Nièvre, l’a d’ailleurs bien compris. Les rapaces sont aussi des prédateurs très pros. Pour mettre toutes les chances de votre côté, vous pouvez construire un nichoir à chouette effraie, qui mange entre 3 et 4 proies par jour dont 80% de petits rongeurs. Héberger ces prédateurs devrait vous aider à oublier rapidement les rongeurs de tout poil.
Crédit photo Jean-Jacques Boujot
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